1. What is the current stance of Turkmenistan on immigration policies?

The government of Turkmenistan has strict laws and regulations in place regarding immigration. The country does not have a formal immigration policy, but rather tightly controls the entry and exit of foreign nationals through visa requirements and border control measures.

2. How does Turkmenistan handle asylum seekers and refugees?
Turkmenistan does not have a system in place for handling asylum seekers or refugees. The country is not a signatory to the 1951 Refugee Convention or its 1967 Protocol, and there is no legal framework in place for granting asylum or refugee status.

3. What are the requirements for obtaining a visa to enter Turkmenistan?
Foreign nationals are required to obtain a visa in advance to enter Turkmenistan. This can be done through the nearest Turkmen embassy or consulate. The specific requirements for obtaining a visa may vary depending on the purpose of travel, but generally include a valid passport, completed application form, invitation letter from a host or sponsor in Turkmenistan, and proof of sufficient funds for the duration of stay.

4. Is it possible to apply for permanent residency or citizenship in Turkmenistan?
Turkmenistan does not have a formal process for applying for permanent residency or citizenship. The only way to acquire citizenship is through birth or descent from at least one parent who is a citizen of Turkmenistan.

5.What are the consequences of overstaying a visa in Turkmenistan?
Overstaying a visa in Turkmenistan can result in fines, deportation, and potentially being banned from entering the country again. It is important to adhere to all immigration laws and regulations while visiting or residing in Turkmenistan.

2. How has Turkmenistan’s immigration policies changed in the past 10 years?

There have been several changes in Turkmenistan’s immigration policies in the past 10 years, including:

1. Easing of visa requirements: In 2016, Turkmenistan introduced a new e-visa system for citizens of 117 countries, making it easier for foreigners to obtain visas and enter the country.

2. Simplification of residence permits: In 2017, the government simplified the process for obtaining permanent residence permits for foreign citizens who are married to Turkmen citizens.

3. Introduction of dual citizenship: In January 2020, Turkmenistan amended its citizenship law to allow dual citizenship for its citizens.

4. Increased requirements for foreign workers: In recent years, there has been a stricter enforcement of regulations governing foreign workers and their employers. Companies must now provide proof that they have been unable to find qualified locals before they can recruit foreign employees.

5. Restrictions on permanent residency: While permanent residence permits are available for certain categories of foreigners, such as spouses of Turkmen citizens or investors, it is difficult for others to obtain permanent residency in Turkmenistan.

6. Temporary restrictions on exit visas: Under a new law implemented in 2019, all foreigners working or living in Turkmenistan must obtain an “exit visa” each time they leave the country. This law was later revised to exempt some categories of foreigners from this requirement.

7. Stricter border controls: There have been reports of increased border controls and tighter restrictions on entry at border crossings in recent years.

Overall, there has been a trend towards making it easier for certain categories of foreigners to enter and stay in the country, while also introducing stricter regulations and controls on others.

3. Does Turkmenistan have a merit-based or family-based immigration system?

Turkmenistan does not have a merit-based or family-based immigration system. The country has very restrictive policies for foreign nationals seeking to enter and work in Turkmenistan. Most foreign workers are required to have a local sponsor or employer who will apply for a work permit on their behalf. This sponsor must provide proof that there are no qualified Turkmen citizens available for the job before the work permit can be approved. Family members of foreign nationals may also apply for residency permits, but this must also be sponsored by a local employer.

4. Are refugees and asylum seekers welcome in Turkmenistan under the current immigration policies?

Currently, Turkmenistan does not have a clear policy on refugees and asylum seekers. In its constitution, the country guarantees the right to seek asylum but there is no specific immigration policy for refugees. According to reports, Turkmenistan has accepted a small number of refugees mainly from Afghanistan and Tajikistan in the past, but the country’s border security makes it difficult for refugees to enter.

In recent years, there have been reports of Turkmen authorities forcibly returning Afghan refugees and preventing them from seeking asylum. This suggests that while refugees may be allowed into the country, they do not always receive proper protection or support.

Furthermore, Turkmenistan is not party to the 1951 Refugee Convention or its 1967 Protocol, which sets out the rights and protections for refugees. This lack of international commitment may indicate that refugee protection is not a priority in Turkmenistan’s current immigration policies.

Overall, while there have been some instances of accepting and granting protection to refugees in previous years, it appears that refugee protection is not a top priority for Turkmenistan’s government at present. As such, it may be difficult for refugees and asylum seekers to find safety and support in Turkmenistan under current immigration policies.

5. What are the requirements for obtaining a permanent resident status in Turkmenistan?

To obtain permanent resident status in Turkmenistan, the applicant must fulfill certain criteria and meet specific requirements, including:

1. Continuous residence in the country for at least 5 years prior to the application.
2. No record of involvement in criminal activities during the residence period.
3. Sufficient financial means to support oneself and any dependents.
4. Good knowledge of the official language (Turkmen) and basic understanding of the country’s history, culture, and laws.
5. Approval from local authorities and security agencies.
6. Proof of renunciation of previous nationality (if applicable).
7. Valid reasons for seeking permanent residency, such as family reunification, employment opportunities, etc.
8. Submission of a completed application form with all required documents, including a valid passport and relevant certificates.

It should be noted that the acquisition of permanent residence does not automatically grant citizenship in Turkmenistan. Separate citizenship requirements must be met to obtain citizenship in the country.

6. How does Turkmenistan handle undocumented immigrants?

Turkmenistan does not have specific laws or policies in place for handling undocumented immigrants. However, the country’s authorities may detain and deport individuals found to be residing illegally in the country. The government also conducts regular identity checks and requires all residents to carry proper identification documents at all times. Undocumented immigrants are also excluded from accessing certain benefits and services provided by the government.

7. Are there any special provisions for skilled workers in Turkmenistan’s immigration policies?

Yes, Turkmenistan has a points-based system for skilled workers applying for permanent residence. Applicants are awarded points based on factors such as their education level, work experience, language proficiency, and age. Those who score above the minimum threshold are eligible to apply for permanent residence in Turkmenistan. The country also offers special benefits to foreign professionals and entrepreneurs who make significant contributions to the country’s economy.

8. Is there a quota system for different types of immigrants in Turkmenistan?

Yes, Turkmenistan has a quota system for different types of immigrants. The country sets quotas for various categories of immigration, such as employment, family reunification, and refugees. The quotas are determined by the government and may change from year to year.

For example, according to the Law on Foreign Citizens adopted in 2012, there is an annual quota for foreign workers in Turkmenistan based on the needs of the national economy. This quota is set by the Cabinet of Ministers and can be adjusted depending on the labor market situation.

Additionally, there is a separate quota for family reunification, which allows foreign nationals who are married to citizens of Turkmenistan to obtain residence permits. This quota is also set by the government each year.

Turkmenistan also has a refugee resettlement program that sets a quota for accepting refugees from other countries. However, this program is currently not operational due to the strict laws and regulations in place for immigrants in Turkmenistan.

Overall, the quotas for immigrants in Turkmenistan are closely regulated by the government and can vary depending on economic or political factors.

9. Are foreign students allowed to work and stay after graduation in Turkmenistan under the immigration policies?

The rules and policies regarding work and immigration for foreign students in Turkmenistan may vary depending on the individual’s nationality and their program of study. It is recommended to consult with the relevant authorities, such as the Ministry of Foreign Affairs or the Consulate General, for specific information on work and immigration options for foreign students after graduation.

10. What measures does Turkmenistan have in place to prevent illegal migration?

1. Border control and surveillance: Turkmenistan has a well-established border control system to regulate the entry and exit of people across its borders. This includes checkpoints, surveillance systems, patrolling, and other measures to detect illegal migrants.

2. Visa requirements: Most foreign nationals require a valid visa to enter Turkmenistan. The visa application process involves thorough background checks and screening to prevent people with criminal records or intentions from entering the country.

3. Immigration laws: Turkmenistan has strict laws governing immigration, which includes penalties for those who enter or stay in the country without proper authorization or documentation.

4. Registration system: All foreigners are required to register their presence in Turkmenistan within three days of arrival. This helps authorities keep track of the number of foreigners in the country and deter potential illegal migrants.

5. Cooperation with neighboring countries: Turkmenistan has signed agreements with its neighboring countries to prevent illegal migration and share information on suspect individuals or groups crossing borders.

6. Human trafficking prevention: The government of Turkmenistan has implemented measures to prevent human trafficking, which often involves illegal migration as people are smuggled across borders.

7. Bilateral agreements: Turkmenistan has signed bilateral agreements with several countries to facilitate legal migration processes, including labor contracts, that help reduce the occurrence of illegal migration.

8. Awareness campaigns: The government conducts awareness campaigns aimed at informing the public about the risks and consequences of illegal migration, while also promoting legal channels for migration.

9.Anti-corruption measures: Corruption is often linked to human trafficking and other forms of organized crime related to illegal migration. Turkmenistan has a zero-tolerance policy towards corruption, backed by strong anti-corruption laws and enforcement mechanisms.

10. Assistance for returnees: Turkmenistan provides assistance to its citizens who have been deported from other countries due to illegal migration or other reasons. This support includes reintegration programs aimed at preventing repeated attempts at illegal migration.

11. Does Turkmenistan’s immigration policy prioritize certain countries or regions over others?

Yes, Turkmenistan’s immigration policy prioritizes neighboring countries such as Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, and Azerbaijan for visa-free travel arrangements and easier access to residency permits. Citizens of these countries also have easier procedures for work permits and citizenship compared to citizens of other countries.

12. Are there any age restrictions for immigrants coming to Turkmenistan?

Yes, there are age restrictions in Turkmenistan for immigrants. According to the Law on Citizenship of Turkmenistan, individuals over the age of 18 can apply for citizenship, while those under 18 must be registered as minors with their parents or legal guardians. Additionally, individuals over the age of 70 may not be eligible for citizenship unless they have special relevance to the country or were born in Turkmenistan. Age restrictions may also apply for specific visa categories or requirements.

13. Is it possible to appeal a decision made by the immigration authorities in Turkmenistan?

Yes, it is possible to appeal a decision made by immigration authorities in Turkmenistan. The first step is to file an appeal with the decision-making authority within 10 days of receiving the decision. If the decision remains unchanged, the individual can then appeal to the court within one month of receiving notice of the unsuccessful appeal. It is recommended to seek assistance from a lawyer familiar with immigration laws in Turkmenistan for guidance on filing an appeal.

14. How long does the process of obtaining citizenship take under Turkmenistan’s immigration policies?

The process of obtaining citizenship in Turkmenistan can take several years or more, depending on individual circumstances and the efficiency of government processes. Generally, the process involves multiple steps including applying for residency, meeting certain requirements such as language proficiency and fulfilling a specific period of residency, and passing citizenship exams. It is recommended to consult with a lawyer or immigration specialist for more specific information on the timeline for obtaining citizenship in Turkmenistan.

15. Are there any language or cultural integration requirements for immigrants?

The language and cultural integration requirements for immigrants can vary depending on the country and their policies. Some countries may require immigrants to demonstrate proficiency in the national language, while others may offer language courses to help with integration. Similarly, cultural integration may also involve attending classes or workshops to learn about the culture and customs of the country. In some cases, there may be a citizenship test that includes questions about a country’s history and values. It is important for potential immigrants to research the specific requirements of their desired destination country before applying for immigration.

16. Can an immigrant bring their immediate family members with them when moving to Turkmenistan?

It is possible for an immigrant to bring their immediate family members with them to Turkmenistan, but they will need to obtain the necessary visas and permits for their family members. This can be a complex process and it is recommended to consult with the nearest Turkmen embassy or consulate for more information.

17. Are there any incentives or benefits offered to attract foreign investors under the immigration policies of Turkmenistan?

Turkmenistan does not have any specific immigration policies or programs that offer incentives or benefits to foreign investors. However, the country does have a few regulations in place to encourage and facilitate investment, such as offering tax breaks to businesses investing in certain industries and providing simplified procedures for obtaining work permits and visas for foreign employees of companies registered in Turkmenistan. Additionally, foreign investors may be eligible for land grants or other forms of support depending on their specific investment projects.

18. Does Turkmenistan offer any type of temporary work visas for foreigners? If yes, what are the requirements and validity period?

Yes, Turkmenistan offers temporary work visas for foreigners. The requirements include a valid passport with at least six months of validity remaining, a completed application form, a letter from the inviting organization in Turkmenistan stating the purpose of the visit and the duration of stay, and a valid business or work invitation issued by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Turkmenistan.

The validity period of a temporary work visa is usually up to 3 months but can be extended for up to one year upon request. The maximum stay on a temporary work visa is usually 90 days in every 180-day period. After this period, individuals must obtain a new visa or leave the country.

Additional requirements may vary depending on the type of work and length of stay. It is recommended to consult with the nearest Turkmenistan embassy or consulate for specific visa requirements.

19. How are international marriages and partnerships recognized and supported under the immigration policies of Turkmenistan?

Under the immigration policies of Turkmenistan, international marriages and partnerships are generally recognized and supported. Foreigners who are married to a Turkmen citizen may apply for a temporary residence permit in the country. They may also be eligible for permanent residence if they have been married for at least two years and meet certain income requirements.

In addition, partners in an unmarried relationship who can provide proof of cohabitation may also be eligible for permanent residence as dependents of a Turkmen citizen.

It is important to note that before any immigration process can begin, the foreign partner must obtain a valid entry visa in order to enter Turkmenistan. This is usually done through sponsorship by their spouse or partner, who must provide necessary documentation and financial support.

Furthermore, same-sex marriages or partnerships are not currently recognized under the immigration policies of Turkmenistan. Therefore, individuals in same-sex relationships may face difficulties with gaining recognition and support under these policies.

Overall, while international marriages and partnerships are generally recognized and supported under Turkmenistan’s immigration policies, strict regulations and requirements must be met in order for foreign partners to reside in the country.

20.Is dual citizenship allowed inTurkmenistan according to its immigration laws?

According to the Constitution of Turkmenistan, dual citizenship is not allowed. This means that individuals cannot hold citizenship in both Turkmenistan and another country simultaneously. In order to become a citizen of Turkmenistan, one must renounce their previous citizenship.

There are certain exceptions to this rule, such as for individuals who were citizens of other countries at the time of Turkmenistan’s independence in 1991, or those who have married a Turkmen citizen. These individuals may be allowed to maintain their previous citizenship alongside their Turkmen citizenship.

Additionally, children born to dual citizenship parents may be eligible for dual nationality until they reach the age of majority, at which point they must choose between their two nationalities.

It is important for individuals considering applying for naturalization in Turkmenistan to carefully consider the implications and consequences of renouncing their previous citizenship before proceeding with the application process.