1. What countries offer citizenship for Estonia passport holders by investment programs?

Currently, the countries that offer citizenship for Estonia passport holders by investment programs are:

1) Montenegro: Citizenship can be acquired through an investment of at least €100,000 in an undeveloped area or €250,000 in a developed area.

2) Cyprus: A minimum investment of €2 million is required in real estate, government bonds, or business investments for citizenship.

3) Bulgaria: Citizenship can be obtained by investing €1 million in government bonds or €2 million in a Bulgarian company.

4) Turkey: Investors can acquire citizenship by making a fixed capital investment of at least $500,000 or creating jobs for at least 50 people.

5) St. Kitts and Nevis: This Caribbean island nation offers citizenship to investors through its Citizenship by Investment program, with options starting at $150,000.

6) Grenada: Similar to St. Kitts and Nevis, Grenada also offers foreign investors citizenship through its Citizenship by Investment Program for a minimum investment of $150,000.

7) Dominica: Investors can obtain Dominica’s citizenship with a minimum investment of $100,000 through its Economic Diversification Fund.

8) Vanuatu: Through the Vanuatu Development Support Program, foreign investors can obtain citizenship by making a donation of $130,000 to support development projects on islands.

2. Can dual citizenship be obtained in Estonia?

Yes, dual citizenship can be obtained in Estonia, but it is generally not allowed for adults who have acquired Estonian citizenship after regaining independence in 1991. However, exceptions can be made in certain circumstances, such as marriage to an Estonian citizen or being a former citizen of Estonia and/or their descendant. Dual citizenship may also be granted to minors upon application by their parents or guardians. More information on the specific requirements and process can be found on the website of the Estonian Citizenship and Migration Bureau.

3. How long does it take to obtain a second passport in Estonia?

The processing time for obtaining a second passport in Estonia can vary. It typically takes 1-2 months to receive the new passport after submitting the application and all required documents. However, the process may take longer if there are any delays or issues with the application. It is recommended to apply for a second passport well in advance of any planned travel to ensure enough time for processing.

4. Are there any language or residency requirements for obtaining a second passport in Estonia?

To obtain a second passport in Estonia, the applicant is required to pass a language proficiency examination in Estonian at level A2 or higher. The applicant must also reside in Estonia for at least 183 days per year and maintain a legal residence permit for the duration of the application process. Additionally, the applicant must have a valid residence permit for at least 5 years before applying for naturalization.

5. What is the cost of obtaining a second passport in Estonia?

The cost of obtaining a second passport in Estonia varies depending on the individual’s personal circumstances and the type of passport being applied for. Generally, the application fee for a regular Estonian passport is 60 euros, while the expedited application fee is 100 euros. The cost may also include additional fees such as photos and mailing costs. Additionally, if applying from abroad, there may be additional fees for consular services or travel to Estonia for application. It is recommended to check with the Estonian embassy or consulate in your country for specific cost information based on your situation.

6. Can spouses and children also obtain a second passport through citizenship by investment in Estonia?

Spouses and dependent children of the main applicant can also obtain second citizenship through the Estonian citizenship by investment program.

7. Does Estonia allow for visa-free travel to popular destinations with a second passport?

Yes, owning a second passport from Estonia allows for visa-free travel to over 170 countries and territories, including popular destinations such as the Schengen Area, the United Kingdom, Canada, and Japan. However, it is always recommended to check the entry requirements of each country before traveling.

8. How does the taxation system work for citizens with two passports in Estonia?

In Estonia, taxation is based on residency rather than citizenship. This means that individuals who are legally registered as residents in Estonia are subject to Estonian tax laws, regardless of the number of passports they hold.

As a resident of Estonia, you are required to pay taxes on your worldwide income, including income earned from foreign sources. This includes both Estonian citizens and foreigners who have obtained residency in the country.

If you hold two passports and are registered as a resident in Estonia, you will be taxed on your total income just like any other resident. However, there may be some cases where certain tax exemptions or deductions may apply based on the country of origin of one’s other citizenship.

It is important to note that taxation laws may vary depending on individual circumstances and it is recommended to consult with a tax professional for specific advice regarding your situation.

9. Are there any restrictions on the types of investments that can lead to citizenship in Estonia?

Yes, the Estonian government has a set list of approved investment options for individuals seeking to obtain citizenship through investment. These include:

1. Business investments: The most common option is to invest in the share capital of an Estonian company. The minimum investment amount is €65,000 if the company has at least 3 employees or €16,000 if the company has at least 1 employee.

2. Real estate investments: Investing in residential or commercial properties in Estonia can also lead to citizenship. The minimum investment amount is €250,000 for a residential property or €300,000 for a commercial property.

3. Government bonds: Purchasing government bonds with a minimum value of €300,000 can also qualify an individual for citizenship.

4. Investment fund shares: Investing a minimum of €400,000 in an Estonian investment fund that has been approved by the government can also lead to citizenship.

5. Innovation and research projects: Investing a minimum of €1 million in an Estonian innovation or research project that has been approved by the government can also qualify for citizenship.

It should be noted that these are the current requirements as of September 2021 and are subject to change. It is important to consult with a legal professional before making any investment decisions towards obtaining Estonian citizenship.

10. Can individuals apply for a second passport without renouncing their current citizenship status in Estonia?

No, individuals cannot apply for a second passport without renouncing their current citizenship status in Estonia. Estonia follows the principle of single nationality and does not allow dual citizenship except in limited circumstances such as birthright or marriage. If an individual wishes to obtain citizenship from another country, they must first renounce their Estonian citizenship.

11. Are citizens of certain countries restricted from applying for a second passport in Estonia?

There are no specific restrictions for citizens of any country in applying for a second passport in Estonia. However, all applicants must meet the eligibility requirements and go through the application process, which may vary depending on their country of origin. It is important to note that some countries may have stricter regulations regarding dual citizenship and it is recommended to check with your home country’s laws before pursuing a second passport in Estonia.

12. Are there any additional benefits to holding a second passport from Estonia, such as business opportunities or access to education and healthcare systems?

There are several potential additional benefits to holding a second passport from Estonia:

1. Access to the Schengen Area: As a citizen of Estonia, you have access to travel visa-free within the 26 countries that make up the Schengen Area. This includes countries such as France, Germany, Spain, and Italy.

2. Business opportunities: As a member of the European Union (EU), Estonia offers many opportunities for businesses and startups. It has a strong economy and business-friendly environment, making it an attractive destination for investors and entrepreneurs.

3. Education opportunities: Estonia has a highly regarded education system, with several internationally recognized universities offering programs in English. Holding an Estonian passport may make it easier to apply for these programs and potentially qualify for scholarships or financial aid.

4. Healthcare access: As a citizen of Estonia, you have access to universal healthcare, one of the best in Europe. This means you can receive medical treatment at no or low cost when living or traveling within the country.

5. Tax advantages: By becoming an Estonian resident, you may be eligible for its relatively low flat-rate income tax system, which can offer significant tax savings compared to other countries.

6. Higher standard of living: With access to education, healthcare, and job opportunities within the EU and beyond, holding an Estonian passport may provide you with a higher standard of living overall.

7. Dual citizenship allowed: Estonia allows dual citizenship, so you can hold onto your current citizenship while also obtaining a second one from Estonia. This can be advantageous if your current country does not allow dual citizenship or places restrictions on it.

Overall, holding an Estonian passport can offer numerous benefits beyond just visa-free travel and global mobility options. It opens up doors for personal and professional growth in Europe and beyond.

13. Is there an age limit for obtaining a second passport through citizenship by investment in Estonia?

There is no specific age limit for obtaining a second passport through citizenship by investment in Estonia. However, the main applicant must be at least 18 years old and financially capable to make the required investment or donation. The age limit may vary for dependent children and spouses who are included in the application.

14. How can I start the process of obtaining a second passport from Estonia?

To obtain a second passport from Estonia, you will need to follow these steps:

1. Check your eligibility: Before starting the process, make sure you are eligible for a second passport from Estonia. Eligibility criteria may vary based on your current citizenship and residence status.

2. Choose a reason for obtaining a second passport: In Estonia, you can apply for a second passport if you can demonstrate a justifiable reason such as business or travel needs, dual citizenship restrictions in your current country of citizenship, or specific circumstances like being a victim of human trafficking.

3. Gather necessary documents: The required documents may vary depending on the reason for obtaining the second passport and your personal circumstances. Generally, you will need to provide proof of identity, proof of Estonian residency, and documents related to your reason for obtaining the second passport.

4. Complete an application form: You can download the application form from the website of the Estonian Police and Border Guard Board or obtain it from an Estonian embassy/consulate in your country.

5. Submit your application: Once you have completed all the necessary steps and gathered all required documents, submit your application to an Estonian embassy/consulate or directly to the Police and Border Guard Board in Estonia.

6. Pay the application fee: A non-refundable fee must be paid when submitting your application.

7. Wait for processing: The processing time may take several months depending on various factors such as workload and complexity of your case.

8. Collect your new passport: If your application is approved, you will be notified to collect your new passport from an Estonian embassy/consulate or directly from the Police and Border Guard Board in Estonia.


Note that Estonia allows dual citizenship in certain cases; however, if you are currently a citizen of another country, you should check with that country’s government before applying for a second passport from Estonia to ensure that they allow dual citizenship as well.

15. Can naturalized citizens also apply for a second passport in Estonia?

Naturalized citizens of Estonia (individuals who have obtained Estonian citizenship through a naturalization process) are eligible to apply for a second passport in Estonia. However, they need to meet the same requirements and go through the same application process as any other individual applying for a second passport.

16. Is proof of financial stability required when applying for a residency and potential citizenship through an investor program in Estonia?

Yes, proof of financial stability is typically required when applying for a residency and potential citizenship through an investor program in Estonia. This can include providing bank statements, investment portfolios, or other documentation to demonstrate that you have the financial means to support yourself and/or your family while living in Estonia. The specific requirements may vary depending on the type of investor program you are applying for.

17. Are there any special regulations or requirements for individuals who have had previous legal issues seeking a second passport in Estonia?

Individuals with previous legal issues seeking a second passport in Estonia may face additional scrutiny and requirements. The Estonian government will consider the nature of the previous legal issues and may request further documentation or explanations before approving the second passport application. In some cases, individuals may also be denied a second passport if their previous legal issues pose a threat to national security or the integrity of the Estonian passport. It is recommended that individuals consult with an attorney for personalized guidance in this situation.

18. Does possessing dual citizenship of Estonia pose any complications when traveling between countries while holding passports from both countries?

Possessing dual citizenship of Estonia may not pose any complications when traveling between countries while holding passports from both countries. However, it is important to always check the entry requirements for each country before traveling, as some countries have restrictions or limitations for dual citizens. Additionally, it is recommended to use the passport of the country in which you are a citizen when entering that country.

19.Is it possible to transfer my current residency status to my new country if I obtain dual citizenship through an investor program in Estonia?

It is unlikely that you will be able to transfer your current residency status to a new country solely based on obtaining dual citizenship through an investor program in Estonia. Each country has its own immigration laws and policies, and obtaining dual citizenship does not automatically grant you the right to live and work in another country. You may need to go through the normal immigration process for your new country of citizenship if you wish to establish permanent residency there. It is recommended that you consult with an immigration lawyer or the embassy/consulate of the new country for specific information regarding their immigration requirements.

20.Can citizens of other countries living and working in Estonia also apply for a second passport?

Yes, citizens of other countries who are legally living and working in Estonia may also apply for a second passport. They must meet all the eligibility requirements and follow the same application process as Estonian citizens.